{"id":15515,"date":"2021-09-23T16:38:12","date_gmt":"2021-09-23T15:38:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.visitfermo.it\/fermo-a-millenial-history"},"modified":"2022-04-07T10:09:23","modified_gmt":"2022-04-07T09:09:23","slug":"fermo-a-millenial-history","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.visitfermo.it\/en\/fermo-a-millenial-history","title":{"rendered":"Fermo: a millenial history"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row row_content_width=&#8221;grid&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1632415216598{padding-top: 100px !important;padding-bottom: 100px !important;}&#8221;][vc_column][vc_column_text el_class=&#8221;testo-intro&#8221;]The city of Fermo boasts very ancient origins and a history rich in important events; the first settlement whose traces were found in the city is the Villanovans\u2019 one, who used to live on the current Girfalco Hill around the IX century BC. A clear sign of their presence are the necropolises discovered in Fermo\u2019s outskirts and clay vases they produced. Then the Picentes lived in this area from the VII century BC; they came from Lazio and they managed to conquer the entire area among the south of Marche and the North of Abruzzo, up to Pescara.[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;50px&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1632417183175{padding-top: 15px !important;}&#8221; el_class=&#8221;testo&#8221;]<strong>The Picentes<\/strong> were then forced to abandon the city as they got defeated by the Romans in 267 BC. Fermo officially became a <strong>Roman colony<\/strong> in <strong>264 BC<\/strong> and there are many architectural testimonies coming from this period, like the ruins of the theatre located on <strong>Sabulo Hill<\/strong> (today Girfalco Hill), the Roman Cisterns and the <em>Castellum Firmanorum<\/em> in Salvano city quarter.<\/p>\n<p>Later, Fermo\u2019s administration passed to the <strong>Ostrogoths<\/strong>: king Athalaric\u2019s mother, Amalasuntha, had her court in Fermo. As she was exiled, Byzantine emperor Justinian decided to give them battle. As Justinian conquered their territories, he established an administration consisting of <em>duces<\/em> and <em>iudices<\/em>. These latter were usually bishops and they managed the civil government. <strong>The first <em>iudices<\/em> of Fermo had been probably St. Alessandro and St. Filippo.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>During the V century, the City was governed by the<strong>episcopate<\/strong> that, thanks to the believers\u2019 testamentary bequests, increased its territories and took advantage of the bequests to evangelise the surrounding areas; at the end of the V century AD the <strong>Lombards<\/strong> passed through Fermo: a testimony of this event was the consecration of an oratory to San Savino Vescovo, a Lombard patron saint, ordered by Pope Gregory I. During the VIII century, on the eve of Lombards\u2019 defeat, Fermo and Spoleto (an Umbrian city) governments\u2019 representants went to Rome to declare their defeat to Pope Adrian I.<\/p>\n<p>The \u201cmarka firmana\u201d o \u201c<strong>marca fermana<\/strong>\u201d is mentioned for the first time in a document from the late X century; it indicates a border area consisting of many counties and managed by a margrave or marquess. The Marca Fermana will constitute the original nucleus of the present Marche Region.<\/p>\n<p><strong>A list of eight consuls constituting the city magistrature, to whom the city government was entrusted<\/strong>, was drawn up in 1130 for the first time; in this period, every question concerning the city was discussed by the heads of the families who used to meet in the Cathedral; the City government had its own building called Girfalco only in 1238.<\/p>\n<p>During the XIII century, <strong>many governments managed by different podest\u00e0 (chief magistrates) from Venice came in succession<\/strong>; few of them will leave the City as they were elected dogi (Chief of State) in the Venetian city. The podest\u00e0 exercised the executive, judiciary and military powers over the city.<\/p>\n<p>In the mid-fourteenth century, Fermo territories were managed by <strong>Mercenario da Monteverde<\/strong>; after his killing, <strong>Gentile Da Mogliano<\/strong> became Lord of Fermo. The Spanish cardinal <strong>Gil Albornoz<\/strong> was then appointed by Pope Innocent VI to restore papal power over Fermo area. After bloody fights against Gentile, this latter was eventually thrown out of papal territories and Albornoz entrusted the City to <strong>Giovanni Visconti D\u2019Oleggio<\/strong>, Lord of Bologna.<\/p>\n<p>During the XV century, the <strong>Sforza<\/strong> family subdued the city and then they clashed with the Papacy, who wanted to reconquer the territories stolen by the Lords of Milan. Fermo knew then different political events until the beginning of the XIX century, when Napoleon annexed Marche to the Reign of Italy; then Marche went back under Papacy\u2019s control for a short period of time and then they officially became part of the newborn Italian State.<\/p>\n<p>Right on the occasion of the Italian Unification, Fermo lost its autonomy as a province and it was annexed to Ascoli Piceno; after the harmful events of the Second World War, the City was freed by Polish army, and then it had an important economic growth during the second half of the XX century thanks to the development of the footwear sector.<\/p>\n<p>Fermo has become Provincia (province) again in 2004 and in 2009, after the first elections, the first District Council met in Sala dell\u2019Aquila in Palazzo dei Priori.[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;30px&#8221;]<a itemprop=\"url\" href=\"https:\/\/www.visitfermo.it\/en\/the-city-of-fermo\" target=\"_self\"  class=\"mkdf-btn mkdf-btn-medium mkdf-btn-simple\"  >\n    <span class=\"mkdf-btn-text\">Go back<\/span>\n    <\/a>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row row_content_width=&#8221;grid&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1632415216598{padding-top: 100px !important;padding-bottom: 100px !important;}&#8221;][vc_column][vc_column_text el_class=&#8221;testo-intro&#8221;]The city of Fermo boasts very ancient origins and a history rich in important events; the first settlement whose traces were found in the city is the Villanovans\u2019 one, who used to live on the current Girfalco Hill around the IX century BC. A clear sign of their presence are the necropolises discovered in Fermo\u2019s outskirts and clay vases they produced. Then the Picentes lived in this area from the VII century BC; they came from Lazio and they managed to [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"full-width.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15515","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Fermo: a millenial history - Visit Fermo<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.visitfermo.it\/en\/fermo-a-millenial-history\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Fermo: a millenial history - Visit Fermo\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"[vc_row row_content_width=&#8221;grid&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1632415216598{padding-top: 100px !important;padding-bottom: 100px !important;}&#8221;][vc_column][vc_column_text el_class=&#8221;testo-intro&#8221;]The city of Fermo boasts very ancient origins and a history rich in important events; the first settlement whose traces were found in the city is the Villanovans\u2019 one, who used to live on the current Girfalco Hill around the IX century BC. A clear sign of their presence are the necropolises discovered in Fermo\u2019s outskirts and clay vases they produced. Then the Picentes lived in this area from the VII century BC; they came from Lazio and they managed to [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.visitfermo.it\/en\/fermo-a-millenial-history\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Visit Fermo\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/VstFermo\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-04-07T09:09:23+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@FermoTurismo\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.visitfermo.it\/en\/fermo-a-millenial-history\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.visitfermo.it\/en\/fermo-a-millenial-history\",\"name\":\"Fermo: a millenial history - Visit Fermo\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.visitfermo.it\/en#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2021-09-23T15:38:12+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-04-07T09:09:23+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.visitfermo.it\/en\/fermo-a-millenial-history#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.visitfermo.it\/en\/fermo-a-millenial-history\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.visitfermo.it\/en\/fermo-a-millenial-history#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.visitfermo.it\/en\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Fermo: a millenial history\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.visitfermo.it\/en#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.visitfermo.it\/en\",\"name\":\"Visit Fermo\",\"description\":\"Fermo a place for me\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.visitfermo.it\/en#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.visitfermo.it\/en?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.visitfermo.it\/en#organization\",\"name\":\"Visit Fermo\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.visitfermo.it\/en\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.visitfermo.it\/en#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.visitfermo.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/logo-fermo-a-place-for-me-giallo.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.visitfermo.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/logo-fermo-a-place-for-me-giallo.png\",\"width\":453,\"height\":230,\"caption\":\"Visit Fermo\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.visitfermo.it\/en#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/VstFermo\/\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/FermoTurismo\",\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/visitfermo\/\",\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/c\/VisitFermo\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Fermo: a millenial history - Visit Fermo","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.visitfermo.it\/en\/fermo-a-millenial-history","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Fermo: a millenial history - Visit Fermo","og_description":"[vc_row row_content_width=&#8221;grid&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1632415216598{padding-top: 100px !important;padding-bottom: 100px !important;}&#8221;][vc_column][vc_column_text el_class=&#8221;testo-intro&#8221;]The city of Fermo boasts very ancient origins and a history rich in important events; the first settlement whose traces were found in the city is the Villanovans\u2019 one, who used to live on the current Girfalco Hill around the IX century BC. 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